Based on the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, this course establishes a foundation of mathematical content knowledge and problem-solving skills. Participants develop deeper understanding of mathematical concepts they are required to teach and engage in mathematical discourse as a means to explain their thinking and share strategies.

Covering the Van Hiele levels of geometric thought and focusing on shapes and properties, transformations, location and visualization, as well as measurement concepts and skills, this course allows teachers to develop a profound understanding of key mathematical concepts as outlined in the NCTM Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. Participants engage in hands-on problem-solving activities that allow them to apply new understanding to their instructional planning and decision making.

This course focuses on developing algebraic thinking, which includes studying patterns and functions, understanding the structure of the number system, using symbolism meaningfully and using mathematical modeling to solve problems. Participants study many common misconceptions about the learning of algebra to better understand the potential gaps in students’ understanding.

This course is structured around the creation and completion of a real-life data analysis project that allows participants to apply knowledge and skills from other mathematical strands. Key concepts such as data collection, graphical representations of data, and measures of center are highlighted.

Mission Statement:

The Marygrove College Education Department collaboratively prepares educators committed to the success of all students believing that quality education is vital to wholeness of persons, sustainability of communities, and a vibrant, just democratic society.  To that end, and grounded in the college’s goals of competence, compassion, and commitment, the Education Department prepares educators through the development of professional habits of mind, heart, and practice:

Habits of Mind – Demonstrating flexibility in thinking about key theories and conceptual frameworks to address complex, adaptive challenges

Habits of Heart – Demonstrating behaviors and beliefs that connect learning to life, liberating the power and creativity of the human spirit.

Habits of Practice – Demonstrating the capacity to effectively engage and contribute to learning communities and systems within which education is embedded.

General Information

The Master of Arts in Literacy Learning is designed for individuals who have an interest in experiential learning and a commitment to community change through literacy development. Students explore literacy as transformative of socio-cultural, political and economic factors that impact individuals, families, and communities. Paulo Friere’s approach to literacy learning as social activism serves as this program’s framework. Individuals completing the program are prepared to work in a variety of community settings such as literacy centers, private tutoring, community literacy organizations, and faith-based literacy ministries and academic literacy paraprofessionals.

Admission Requirements

Admission Process 

Applicants must meet all of the general graduate admission requirements (see the “Graduate Admissions” section of this catalog). 

Applicants must have earned a Bachelor’s Degree from an accredited institution.  Applicants are NOT required to have a teaching certification for admission into the program.  Please note - the Masters in Literacy Learning does NOT lead to the Elementary or Secondary Michigan Teaching Certification.

Student Requirements 

In addition to the admission requirements explained in the “Graduate Admissions” section of the Marygrove College Graduate Catalog, for program acceptance all applicants must submit a typed 3-5 page essay that describes (1) a personal statement about his/her own literacy experiences (2) the rationale for selecting the MALL program and select a focus area: family literacy, adult literacy or community literacy, and (3) experiences, if any, with tutoring or working in some capacity with reluctant or struggling readers and writers.

Transfer Credits

A request for consideration of transfer of appropriate graduate credit from another institution (or program) may be made as part of the application process. Applicant may submit transcripts, along with course descriptions and syllabus to be reviewed for course substitutions. Only six credits will be accepted.

Program Application Checklist

• Completed application, including signature and date
• Official transcript(s) received directly from the college or university attended with grades posted for ALL undergraduate and graduate courses.

Application Deadlines

This program may be started only during the Fall or Winter term.

The Application deadline for Fall term, which starts in September, is the first Wednesday in August.

The application deadline for Winter term, which starts in January, is the first Wednesday in December.

Specific Program Requirements

To complete the Masters of Arts in Literacy Learning, students must complete 30 credits of approved coursework including an action research project.

Core Courses

LLE 500          Foundations of Literacy for Liberation  3 Credits

LLE 510         Socio-Cultural Factors and Literacy Learning  3 Credits

LLE  520        Literacy As Social Activism  3 Credits 

RDG 557       Methods for Teaching Intermediate and Secondary Reading  3 Credits

RDG 559       Literature Based Approaches to Reading Instruction  3 Credits

RDG 564       Methods in Elementary Reading and Other Language Arts  3 Credits

RDG 609       Diagnostic Techniques in Reading Instruction  3 Credits

Community Literacy Courses 

LLE 540        Community as a Literacy Learning Center  3 Credits

LLE 541        Leadership in Community Literacy Learning  3 Credits

LLE   639      Research in Literacy and Community Program Development  3 Credits

LLE 500 Foundations of Literacy for Liberation                                   

3 hours

This course is a historical, theoretical and sociological exploration of the foundation of literacy learning from a global and Western perspective.  It also examines Paulo Friere’s pedagogical principles for utilizing literacy as a form social activism and liberation.

LLE  510 Socio-Cultural Factors and Literacy Learning   

3 hours

This course is an introduction to social and cultural factors, and diverse languages as underpinnings of issues diverse learners face in varied environments, including home, community, and school. Emphasis is on the social, cultural, linguistic, and academic challenges and opportunities, and research based strategies that support culturally responsive teaching.

LLE  520 Literacy As Social Activism                                                        

3 hours

This course explores global literacy, theories and issues related to traditional and nontraditional community engagement in reading and writing to create space for social activism and change. Participants engage in community literacy projects using multi-modal literacies.

RDG 557 Methods for Teaching Intermediate and Secondary Reading     

3 hours

This course specifically addresses adapting content instruction to meet the needs of intermediate and secondary school students with reading problems; analyzes the variations in vocabulary, format, comprehension, and study procedures in various content areas; presents teaching strategies for improving basic reading skills, content reading and writing proficiency of all students; and explores strategies for supporting literacy instruction across the curriculum. 

RDG 559 Literature Based Approaches to Reading Instruction   

3 hours

This course examines the history, description, rationale, and criteria for selection and evaluation of classic, contemporary, and culturally diverse literature for children and young adults. This course also presents specific strategies for using culturally conscious literature in literature based reading instruction, and explores a variety of strategies to foster literacy development and promote an enjoyment of literature.

RDG 564 Methods in Elementary Reading and Other Language Arts             

3 hours

This course presents criteria and procedures for reading, writing, listening, viewing, and speaking processes, and examines teaching strategies and materials that are consonant with human growth and development. This course also discusses research and management of classroom reading programs, grades K-8.

RDG 609 Diagnostic Techniques in Reading Instruction                    

3 hours

This course examines identification of reading disabilities and possible causative factors through the use of formal and informal tests and case study methods. This course also develops a comprehensive testing vocabulary in order to administer, interpret, and evaluate tests.

LLE 540 Community as a Literacy Learning Center                           

3 hours

This course is an introduction to the study of diverse literacy experiences within community spaces.   It examines the complexity of social, cultural and literacy practices imbedded in diverse urban communities and explores literacy strategies and techniques to document and sustain viable communities of practice. Participants explore past and current events that shape communities, and examine how people engage in new literacy practices to understand and facilitate sustainable social change.

LLE  Leadership in Community Literacy Learning                               

3 hours

This course is an analysis of communities and literacy learning, as well as characteristics of community literacy leadership. It examines social, political and economic factors that impact community viability, and organizational planning for sustainable community literacy development. Participants will work with a mentor recognized as a community literacy leader. The signature assignment for this course is for participants to develop a plan for a community literacy center.           

LLE 639  Research in Literacy and [Community] Program Development   

3 hours

This course provides opportunities for research that focuses on effective literacy instruction, and factors involved in successful curriculum development in community based programs. This course also covers techniques for formal and informal research. Students will design, conduct, and present a [field practice project].

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

APPLIED MUSIC

The Department of Music offers private weekly instruction in piano, voice, organ, and guitar to majors and non-majors. Study of other instruments may be arranged with due notice.

All applied music, whether keyboard, vocal, or instru­mental will develop technique, style, musicianship, memorization, interpretation, and repertoire appropri­ate to the medium. Specific technique and repertoire requirements for each proficiency level are available in the department. All music majors and minors enrolled in applied music courses are required to attend music department recitals as specified each semester.

Failure to meet the recital attendance requirements will result in the adjustment of the student’s applied music grade in his/her applied area of concentration. Courses may be repeated.

MUS 100A Class Piano I

3 hours

General Education option. Prerequisites: LS 105, permission of instructor; Term: 1 and 2; Fee: yes

Group instruction in beginning piano. Emphasis on developing efficient reading and practice skills, elementary piano technique, keyboard harmony and repertoire.

MUS 100B Class Piano II

3 hours

Group instruction in beginning piano. Emphasis on developing efficient reading and practice skills, elementary piano technique, keyboard harmony and repertoire. Permission of department

MUS 106A Voice Class I

3 hours

Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes. General Education option

Group instruction to beginners in vocal study. Students will be introduced to the basic fundamentals of singing: posture, breathing, diction. Class members will sing as a group as well as individually.

MUS 110 Private or Small Group Lessons: Beginning Level

1-3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor; Term: 1, 2, 3; Fee: yes

Course descriptions available in department.

MUS 111 Private Lessons: Intermediate Level

2-3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of department; Term: 1, 2, 3;

Fee: yes

Course descriptions available in department.

MUS 120, 121, 122, 125 Private Lessons:

Advanced Level I

2-3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of department; Term: 1, 2, 3;

Fee: yes

Course descriptions available in department.

MUS 208 Accompanying

2 hours

Prerequisites: Piano proficiency and permission of

instructor; Fee: yes. Offered as required

Instruction and practice in the art of accompanying at the piano for vocal and instrumental soloists and groups.

MUS 220, 221, 222, 225 Private Lessons:

Advanced Level II

2-3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of department; Term: 1, 2, 3;

Fee: yes

Course descriptions available in department.

MUS 320, 321, 322, 323 Private Lessons:

Advanced Level III

2-4 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of department; Term: 1, 2, 3;

Fee: yes

Course descriptions available in department.

MUS 420, 421, 422, 423 Private Lessons:

Advanced Level IV

2-4 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of department; Term: 1, 2, 3;

Fee: yes

Course descriptions available in department.

MUS 496 Senior Seminar/Recital

4 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Offered as needed.

A sixty minute (thirty minutes for music education majors) public performance in the applied music area, accompa­nied by program notes and a printed program. The recital will represent a synthesis of all music course materials, combining music theory and music history with the applied music area.

ENSEMBLE MUSIC

MUS 202 Marygrove College Chorale

1 hour

Prerequisites: Audition required; May require MUS 100 A or MUS 101; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes. General Education option

Singing ensemble open to men and women. Training in choral techniques. Acquaintance with a variety of choral music.

MUS 204A Foundations in Ringing I

1 hour

Prerequisite: Permission of department.

A hands-on course exploring beginning handbell techniques, repertoire, and resources. The emphasis will be on instruction, but will also include performance as a handbell ensemble. Creative use of bells and chimes in worship will also be explored.

MUS 204B Foundations in Ringing II

1 hour

Prerequisite: MUS 204A

Advanced handbell techniques, repertoire, and resources. A performance oriented class. MUS 404A and 404B will prepare you to develop a handbell program.

MUS 205 Community Band

1 hour

Prerequisite: Permission of the department.

The Community Band will provide for a learning environment in which Marygrove music majors can further learn the necessary skills to be a successful music educator. In addition, the band will also provide a place where non-music major Marygrove students and staff members, as well as people from the surrounding community can come and perform in an organized music ensemble while continuing to use their lifelong musical skills. Membership to the community band will be without audition, and is open to woodwind, brass and percussion players from the Junior High level up through adult aged. Performances will feature marches, orchestral transcriptions, traditional and popular works for band, as well as solos and ensembles by band members. Rehearsals include concert preparation, sight reading and sectional practice in a supportive atmosphere. May be taken eight times for credit.

MUS 209 Piano Ensemble

2 hours

Prerequisites: Piano proficiency and permission of instructor; Fee: yes. Offered as required

Performance of duet and two piano literature.

MUS 211 Chamber Singers

1 hour

Prerequisites: Audition required, vocal and music reading proficiency, permission of instructor; Term 1 and 2;

Fee: yes. General Education option

Advanced choral ensemble of mixed voices (SATB). Performs and tours regularly. Choral music of all periods, styles, and in a variety of languages. Available as an Honors Option course with additional requirements.

MUS 301 Lyric Theater

1 hour

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor; Fee: yes

Training in solo and ensemble singing, in stage movement and character development through opera, operetta and musical theatre scenes or full productions.

MUS 302 Marygrove College Chorale

1 hour

Prerequisites: Audition required; May require MUS 100A or MUS 101; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

Singing ensemble open to men and women. Training in choral techniques. Acquaintance with a variety of choral music over time.

MUS 311 Chamber Singers 1 hour

Prerequisites: Audition Required: Vocal and music reading proficiency, permission of instructor; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

Advanced choral ensemble of mixed voices (SATB). Performs and tours regularly. Choral music of all periods, styles and in a variety of languages over time. Available as an Honors Option course with additional requirements.

MUS404A Foundations in Ringing

1 hour

Prerequisite 204B: Permission of department.

A hands-on course exploring beginning handbell techniques, repertoire, and resources. The emphasis will be on instruction, but will also include performance as a handbell ensemble. Creative use of bells and chimes in worship will also be explored.

MUS 404B Foundations in Ringing

1 hour

Prerequisite: MUS 404A Permission of department

Advanced handbell techniques, repertoire, and resources. A performance oriented class. MUS 404A and 404B will prepare you to develop a handbell/ringing program.

MUSIC HISTORY AND LITERATURE

MUS 105 Encounters with Music3 hours

General Education option. Prerequisites: LS 105, ENG 107. Offered every other year.

Designed to foster an appreciation of music and to increase aural perception through the development of an un­derstanding of the stylistic elements of music. The course will explore music from diverse cultures including Native American, African, African-American, Asian, Hispanic/Latino, Women’s and Western European art music.

MUS 305 Music History I

3 hours

Prerequisites: ENG 108, MUS 233; Offered every first semester; Fee: yes

Study of the development of musical styles to establish an awareness of the environmental factors surrounding music; to see music as a product of its times; to experience music as a “living art” and to become aware of signifi­cant primary and secondary source materials. Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Periods.

MUS 306 Music History II

3 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 305; Offered every second semester; Fee: yes

Study of the development of musical styles to establish an awareness of the environmental factors surrounding music; to see music as a product of its times; to experience music as a “living art” and to become aware of signifi­cant primary and secondary source materials. Classical, Romantic and Contemporary Periods.

MUS 315 Music History III

3 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 234, MUS 306; Fee: yes

Study of the development of musical styles to establish an awareness of the environmental factors surrounding music; to see music as a product of its times; to experience music as a “living art” and to become aware of signifi­cant primary and secondary source materials. Medieval through Contemporary Periods.

MUS 350 Choral Literature

3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Offered every other year

Study of choral literature including practical anthem repertoire for children’s, youth and adult choirs. The course will also include musicals for children, intergenerational anthems, classical forms from a broad span of historical style periods, standard and newly published anthems in a diversity of styles.

MUS 365 Vocal Literature

3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Offered as needed

Survey of solo song literature from the Renaissance to the 20th century. The course will help you understand the relationship between text, melody, harmony, rhythm, and form and use this information to achieve an artistic performance. Recorded examples, classroom presentation and written materials will be used.

MUSIC METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

MUS 107 Introduction to Diction

1 hour

Prerequisites: None; Term 1

Through the use of English, Latin and Italian, you will learn the International Phonetic Alphabet, and produce improved singing sounds based on correct vowel and consonant articulation.

MUS 201 Music for the Classroom Teacher

3 hours

Prerequisites: None; Terms 1, 2

Basic music education skills for elementary classroom teachers‚ grades K-8. Strategies‚ materials and techniques for integrating music throughout the elementary curriculum. Designed for elementary teachers and non-music majors.

MUS 207 Advanced Diction for Singers I

2 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 107 or permission of instructor. Offered as needed

Advanced study of French and German pronunciation and the International Phonetic Alphabet. Opportunities to sing in class.

MUS 307 Advanced Diction for Singers II

2 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 207 or permission of instructor

Advanced study of the pronunciation of Russian and other exotic languages and the International Phonetic

Alphabet. Opportunities to sing in class.

MUS 345A Methods and Materials of Elementary Music Education

2 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Offered every other year

Survey of current methods and materials used in teaching music at the elementary level, grades K-8.

MUS 345B Methods and Materials of Secondary Music Education

2 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Offered every other year

Survey of current methods and materials used in teaching music at the secondary level, grades 7-12.

MUS 351 Piano Pedagogy I

3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor

Beginning materials and methods of piano teaching.

MUS 352 Piano Pedagogy II

3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor

Intermediate materials and methods of piano teaching.

MUS 399A Conducting

3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor Prerequisite: MUS 124, MUS 124B

An introduction to the techniques and skills of conducting, score preparation and rehearsal techniques. The observation and development of knowledge, skills and dispositions needed to equip you to teach in the classroom or church with primary emphasis in vocal conducting. Field Experience required

MUS 399B Conducting II

3 hours

Prerequisite: MUS 399A

Continued refinement of the techniques and skills of conducting, score preparation and rehearsal techniques.

The observation and development of knowledge skills and dispositions needed to equip you to teach in the

classroom or church with primary emphasis in instrumental conducting. Field experience required.

MUS 400B Brass Methods

1 hour

Prerequisites: MUS 234, 234B, and 315. Offered every other year.

The observation and development of knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed to equip you to teach brass instruments at the beginning level in the classroom. Each student will learn, play and teach instruments in the brass family.

MUS 400D Percussion Methods

1 hour

Prerequisites: MUS 234, 234B, and 315. Offered every other year

The observation and development of knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed to equip you to teach percussion instruments at the beginning level in the classroom. Each student will learn, play and teach instruments in the percussion family.

MUS 400S Strings Methods

1 hour

Prerequisites: MUS 234, 234B, and 315. Offered every other

The observation and development of knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed to equip you to teach string instruments at the beginning level in the classroom. Each student will learn, play and teach instruments in the string family.

MUS 400W Woodwinds Methods1 hour

Prerequisites: MUS 234, 234B, and 315. Offered every other year

The observation and development of knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed to equip you to teach woodwind instruments at the beginning level in the classroom. Each student will learn, play and teach instruments in the woodwind family.

MUS 445 Piano Pedagogy III/Keyboard Literature

3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor

Advanced materials and methods of piano teaching. Study of representative works from J. S. Bach to the present.

SACRED MUSIC

MUS 333 Organ Improvisation

2 hours

Prerequisite: MUS 233, at least two semesters of applied organ study, and MUS 401 -OR- permission of instruc­tor. Offered every other year

Designed to develop skills in the art of improvisation, creating projects that are hymn based, formally structures, and free in form. A variety of approaches and styles will be addressed.

MUS 410 Hymn Playing/Anthem and Soloist Accompaniment

2 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor; Fee: yes. Offered as required

Group and/or private instruction designed for the church musician to develop organ skills in the area of hymn

playing and accompanying.

MUS 424/424G Congregational Music of the Christian Church

1 hour

Prerequisite: Music reading ability helpful. Offered as required

A survey course which deals with the historical development of Christian hymnody and liturgy. Also deals with contemporary issues.

MUSIC THEORY

MUS 101 Fundamentals of Music I

3 hours

Prerequisites: None; Term: 1. General Education option

The rudiments of music and their application in writing, playing, singing. Course content includes: notation, rhythm, scales, intervals, chords and simple aspects of form and performance of these skills.

MUS 102 Fundamentals of Music II

3 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 101 or permission of instructor

Continued refinement of the rudiments of music and their application in writing, playing and singing.

MUS 123 Written Theory I

3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor; Term: 1

The study of the theoretical basis of music of the common practice period through harmonic concepts, and ap­plication through writing and analysis. Course content includes review of music fundamentals, study of the primary and secondary triads, non-harmonic tones and basic four-part voice-leading.

MUS 123A Ear Training I

1 hour

Prerequisites: MUS 101 or permission of instructor; Term: 1

Development of aural skills through melodic and rhythmic dictation and sight singing. Course covers diatonic melodies and simple and compound rhythms with simple beat subdivision. Course meets for two hours per week.

MUS 124 Written Theory II

3 hours

Prerequisite: MUS 123; Term: 2

The study of the theoretical basis of music of the common practice period through harmonic concepts, and appli­cation through writing and analysis. Course content includes seventh chords, secondary chords and modulation.

MUS 124B Ear Training II

1 hour

Prerequisite: MUS 123A; Term: 2

Development of aural skills through melodic and rhythmic dictation and sight singing. Course covers diatonic melodies and simple and compound rhythms with simple beat subdivision. Course meets for two hours per week.

MUS 233 Written Theory III

3 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 124; Term: 1

Further development of theoretical concepts and applications in writing and analysis. Course content includes secondary dominant and secondary leading tone chords, altered dominants, augmented sixth chords, and bor­rowed chords.

MUS 233A Ear Training III

1 hour

Prerequisites: MUS 124B; Term: 1

Further development of aural skills. Course content includes melodies with modulations, two-part dictation,

harmonic dictation, and rhythms with irregular subdivision. Course meets for two hours per week.

MUS 234 Written Theory IV

3 hours

Prerequisite: MUS 233; Term: 2

Further development of theoretical concepts and applications in writing and analysis. Course content includes altered dominants, chromatic mediants, and late Romantic and contemporary harmony.

MUS 234B Ear Training IV

1 hour

Prerequisite: MUS 233A; Term: 2

Further development of aural skills. Course content includes melodies with modulations, two-part dictation, har­monic dictation, and rhythms with irregular subdivision. Course meets for two hours per week.

MUS 303A Counterpoint I

3 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 234. Offered every other year

The theoretical basis of contrapuntal writing through species counterpoint. Emphasis on late baroque style focus­ing on the music of J. S. Bach and contemporaries. Application through writing and analysis.

MUS 309 Introduction to Computer-Assisted Music 3 hours

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor; Term 1

A hands-on course which provides a general introduction to digital synthesis and MIDI techniques.

Learn how to operate Finale software, studio equipment and other synthesizers.

MUS 314 Computer-Assisted Music Printing

2 hours

Prerequisite: must be able to read music. Fee: yes

Exploration of music printing software. Emphasis on producing scores to print. Private instruction.

MUS 401 Orchestration

3 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 234; Offered every other year

The technique and functions of instruments of the orchestra; scoring for various instrumental

combinations and for full orchestra.

MUS 407 Composition (Private Instruction)

3 hours

Prerequisites: Permission of instructor; Fee: yes. Offered as required

Private instruction in techniques of twentieth century composition; composition in small forms for various media. May be repeated.

MUS 443A Analytical Techniques I

3 hours

Prerequisites: MUS 234. Offered by arrangement

Varied techniques of analysis‚ including harmonic‚ reductive‚ and melodic. Critical study of larger forms and structures.

MUS 443B Analytical Techniques II (Private Instruction)

2 hours

Prerequisite: MUS 443A; Fee: yes. Offered as required

Extended techniques of polyphonic analysis and twentieth century music; critical study of selected works.

ADVANCED WORK

MUS 388/488 Cooperative Field Experience

1-8 hours

Prerequisite: By arrangement with department; Term 1‚ 2

Part time work experience for majors in activity related to specialization. May be repeated.

MUS 450 Guided Field Experience

1-3 hours

Prerequisite: Written permission from department head required before registration; Term: 1, 2

Credit for field work in music done outside of class; accompanist, church organist, piano teaching, Kindermusik, music research, music education, etc. May be repeated. MUS 450R is the department’s writing intensive course

MUS 491/491G Independent Study in Music

1-3 hours

Prerequisite: Written permission of department head required before registration; Term: 1, 2

Directed study in music not covered in other departmental courses. May be repeated.