Are you curious? Do you like to explore problems? Do scientific questions fascinate you? Do you enjoy working in a laboratory? Do you want to better understand matter, molecules, atoms, and how they react? If so, you will be interested in a chemistry major or minor.

The Chemistry Department has three major goals: (1) to provide a strong chemistry major within a liberal arts framework for those entering the profession of chemistry or preparing for graduate work; (2) to provide cognate backgrounds in chemistry for biology majors, pre-medical and dental students, medical technologists, dietitians, science educators and others who may require chemistry; (3) to provide non-science majors with sufficient background to understand advances in technology, environmental implications of new laws, drug problems and health advances.

Specific Information
The Bachelor of Arts with a major in chemistry is designed for both students who want a career as a professional chemist and for occupations that require a moderate training in chemistry combined with training in one or more other areas. For example, students who desire chemistry as a major in programs of pre-medicine, pre-dentistry, pre-veterinary, pre-law, or teaching chemistry in high school. Other examples are students planning prospective careers in sales or technical service, as technical editor, writers, or secretaries, or as technical librarians, chemical patent lawyers, or forensic scientists.

The Chemistry minor provides you with the skills and theory needed for an entry-level position as a chemical technician. It will prepare you to teach at the secondary level.

Career information
As a chemistry student, you will have a wide variety of excellent career opportunities available to you: from teaching at the middle or secondary levels to chemical industry to government work. Chemistry majors also often pursue advanced work in graduate schools. A chemistry background is also valuable to you if you major in the health science (nutrition, clinical chemistry industrial hygiene) and as you prepare for professional training in medicine, pharmacy and dentistry.

Special Elements of the Program

Academic Performance
Only required courses with a grade no lower than a C can be applied to fulfill the chemistry major or minor degree.

Standardized National Assessment Exam
All students majoring in Chemistry must participate in a National Assessment Instrument (i.e., MTTC, GRE, MCAT, ACS) prior to graduation (See F below).

Sigma Zeta National Honor Society
Sigma Zeta is a national science and mathematics honor society. It was founded at Shurtleff College, in Alton, Illinois in 1926. Today, more than forty local chapters are active in colleges and universities across the United States. The society encourages and fosters achievement of greater knowledge in the fields of science and mathematics. Outstanding scholastic achievement in the fields is recognized through membership in this society.

Program Offering
The B.A. in Chemistry program is primarily a day program, some courses are offered in the evening on a rotating schedule.

General Information
The Child Development program prepares the successful student for a career working with children from birth to age eight (8). Courses emphasize understanding the development of the young child, the best approaches to educating young children, and the importance of family and community in developmental and educational processes.

Specific Information
The Bachelor of Arts with a major in Child Development prepares students to work with children ages birth through age 5 in child care settings. This program has a specific set of required courses designed for those with the goal of becoming directors in early childhood centers or pre-school teachers in daycare settings. At the conclusion of the program there is required field practice - real classroom experience in a preschool program.

The Early Childhood Education minor (ZA endorsement) program prepares Elementary teacher certification students for the specialty endorsement to work with children ages birth through age 8, grades K-3. You must apply separately for the Elementary Level Teacher Certification Program in the Education Department, and may elect to add the Early Childhood Education minor alongside your teaching major. The Early Childhood Education minor program has a specific set of required courses in addition to the teacher certification courses. Students in the Teacher Certification Program are required to maintain a minimum 2.7 GPA. Please see the Teacher Certification Program section of the catalog, the Teacher Certification Program Student Handbook, and an advisor in the Education Department for current information.

Career Information

Bachelor of Arts, Child Development Major
There is demand for qualified professionals prepared to work in programs designed for educating and caring for young children. The Bachelor’s Degree earned with the Child Development major leads to become a skilled child care provider. This degree enables the successful graduate to serve as a pre-school teacher, program coordinator, or director in a child care center.

Bachelor of Arts, Early Childhood Education Minor
The Early Childhood Education (ECE) minor is done in conjunction with the Teacher Certification Program, along with a major leading to Elementary Level teacher certification (Language Arts, Integrated Science, Math, or Social Studies). The successful graduate will qualify for the endorsement in Early Childhood Education being added to an Elementary Level (K-8) teaching certificate. This added endorsement recognizes the graduate as a specialist for Kindergarten and primary level teaching in elementary schools.

Special Elements of the Program

Academic Performance
A grade point average no lower than 2.7 is required to be accepted to and remain in the Bachelor of Arts program in Child Development and the Early Childhood Education programs.

The Early Childhood Education program requires fulfillment of all teacher Certification program requirements and phases. As part of their programs, Education students are required to pass the Michigan Tests for Teacher Certification (MTTC) exams.

Transfer Students
The Child Development Program generally accepts transfer credit from accredited institutions of higher learning at the 100-200 level, except for methods credits and lab/practicum hours which are accepted as elective credits only. Advisors make this determination.

General Information
Welcome to the Criminal Justice Program web site. We are building an exciting new program in an emerging field and invite you to be a part of it! As a unique feature, the criminal justice major will offer cutting-edge courses in restorative justice. Restorative Justice emphasizes the ways in which crime harms relationships in the context of community. (Minnesota Dept. of Corrections) Restorative justice is a victim-centered response to crime that provides opportunities for those most directly affected by crime—the victim, the offender, their families and representatives of the community—to be directly involved in responding to the harm caused by the crime.

"Competence, Compassion, Commitment," and positive social change and service to the community are at the forefront of the Criminal Justice program. The heart of the major is people caring about and effectively supporting other people, while promoting social justice.

The criminal justice major will offer a focused interdisciplinary exposure to all aspects of crime and criminal justice. Courses in the program include those dealing with crime, youth, and the responses to crime and delinquency by criminal justice agencies and organizations in the community. The criminal justice curriculum has a liberal arts framework which prepares students for graduate school as well as for criminal justice related employment in industry or government.

Specific Information
The Bachelor of Arts in Criminal Justice combines a core of basic and allied courses that provide the student with a practical liberal arts perspective of this growing field. The student will gain a solid understanding of the criminal justice system, with particular emphasis in the following areas:

• Critical Approaches to the study of crime and society
• Alternative Methods in justice
• Restorative Justice
• Juvenile Justice
• Policing
• Courts
• Corrections

Criminal Justice majors will have the opportunity to complete an Internship/Practicum and work on community projects through service learning which will assist students to be urban leaders in their fields, and in their communities.

Career Information
The criminal justice major seeks to foster the development of graduates who will be catalysts for social and personal change in the urban environment. Careers in the Criminal Justice field can be found at the grass-roots, community, local, county, state, and federal levels.

A certificate in African-American Studies requires 18 credit hours, including:

A. Required Courses
POL/SOC 307 Introduction to Ethnic/Cultural Studies
HIS 311 History of Blacks in America to 1865
HIS 312 History of Blacks in America since 1865
HIS 359 History of Civil Rights
POL 320 Afro-American Politics

Select one elective from the African- American Studies core courses or electives lists.

ART 105 Introductory Studio 3 hours
General Education option. Prerequisites: None; Term: 1 and 2

A studio introduction to art for the non-major. While theory and history are a part of the course, the empha­sis is on actual studio experimentation with drawing, design and other media.

ART 111 Two-Dimensional Studio: Design and Color 4 hours 
Prerequisites: None; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Foundation course for prospective majors and minors. You will explore the elements and principles of design through a series of studio experiences. Also includes study of color in its theoretical and expressive aspects. (ART 111 and 115 need not be taken in sequence.)

ART 115 Drawing Studio: Skills and Concepts 4 hours
General Education option. Prerequisites: None; Term: 1; Fee: yes

An introduction to the visual arts using drawing as a primary focus, with emphasis on draftsmanship and the development of visual awareness. You will be experimenting with varied media including pencil, charcoal, ink and crayon.

ART 187 Ceramic Studio: Experiences for the Non-Major 3 hours     
General Education option. Prerequisites: None; Term: 1 and 2; Fee: yes

This course is designed for students with little or no art background. Basic ceramic processes, history, and prob­lem solving involved in the production of earthenware and stoneware pottery are introduced. Students learn the major handbuilding techniques, while developing glazing and decorative skills.

ART 210 Three-Dimensional Design Studio 4 hours
Prerequisite: Art 111; Term: 1; Fee: yes

This course introduces students to the elements, principles, techniques and materials of three-dimensional design and sculpture. Emphasis is placed on developing spatial awareness through the use of a variety of materials.

ART 211 Introduction to Computer Graphics: Imaging 2 hours Prerequisites: None; Term: 1; Fee: yes

An introduction to the production and modification of computer-aided images. Techniques associated with draw­ing, painting, patterning and image manipulation will be explored using computer software.

ART 215 Life Drawing Studio: I 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 115 or equivalent; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Foundation course in drawing the human figure in a representational and imaginative manner. Continued skill development in the use of pencil‚ charcoal and mixed media.

ART 221 Introduction to Computer Graphics: Graphic Design 2 hours                                                          
Prerequisites: None; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Introduction to the use of computers in the field of graphic design. Basic concepts, skills and applications will be explored, as well as skills and design principles in layout, typography and image production.

ART 235 Introduction to Art Therapy 3 hours
General Education option. Prerequisites; None; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

A course designed to orient students to the theories and practices of therapeutic uses of art in the interrelated fields of psychology and art. Residential, clinical, educational and private practice situations are explored.

ART 237 Readings in Art Therapy 1-6 hours
Prerequisites: None; Terms: 1, 2

Readings in art therapy are selected from professional issues concerning the use of art as therapy. Five-week modules develop objectives and basic techniques for special populations.

A. Aging                          D. Child Abuse Art Therapy
B. Emotionally Impaired    E. Family/Group Art Therapy
C. Diagnosis                    F. Grief Therapy

ART 248 Problems Studio: I 2-4 hours                       
Prerequisite: Approval of instructor; Fee: yes

Concentration in a specific medium related to one of the core courses. Student meets with the class working in that medium.

      A. Drawing       D. Crafts           G. Photography

      B. Design          E. Painting                

      C. Printmaking   F. Ceramics          

ART 276 Photography Studio:I 4 hours
Prerequisites: None; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

Introductory course in digital photography. Includes historical, visual and technical aspects of digital photography, digital editing and manipulation. Digital camera required

Art 288: Arts & Activism | 3 hours

This course looks at the role of the arts in social activism and civic engagement. The course will cover theory as well as practice across arts disciplines and social themes. The students will be actively involved in a local project.

ART 287 Ceramics Studio: Handbuilding 4 hours
Prerequisites: None; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

Introduction to the basic ceramic processes and history of ceramic art. Students explore the major handbuilding techniques used in the production of earthenware and stoneware pottery, as well as other clay forms. Students also develop glazing and decorative skills.

ART 311 Crafts Studio 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 111; Term: 2; Fee: yes

An introduction to the materials and processes of selected craft areas. Emphasis is placed on papermaking, its history and its impact on contemporary art.

ART 315 Life Drawing Studio: II 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 215; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Continued exploration in rendering the human figure. More emphasis is placed on media exploration and exten­sion.

ART 321 Design for Visual Communication Studio 4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 111 and 115 or equivalent, ART 221; Term: 1; Fee: yes

Key concepts and processes of graphic design explored through a broad range of digital software and drawing skills. Includes imaginative uses of typography, information design, print and electronic forms of communication media.

ART 324 Classroom Management for the Arts Classroom 3 hours

This course prepares the K-12 teacher certification candidate in the design and implementation of effective instruction in the art classroom setting. Discussions and analyses of a variety of management techniques, class­room organization approaches, materials management, behavioral objectives, interaction with school faculty and supervisory personnel as well as appropriate communication with parents and community are covered. Observa­tions and in-service participation will be required within K-12 and community art programs.

ART 325 Life Drawing Studio: III 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 315; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Further investigation of approaches to drawing the human form through more individualized instruction.

ART 330 Technology Classroom 3 hours
Prerequisite: Art 221

This course prepares the K-12 teacher certification candidate in art to use computer-based technologies in the arts classroom.. Computer graphics will be explored as a tool for developing creative expression, examining popular media use of technology, connecting creatively with other schools and art rooms, accessing information through the internet and intranet, and producing printed school publicity. This course requires that all students have had at least one computer graphics class in their recent past.

ART 343 Printmaking Studio: Process 4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 115, ART 111 or equivalent; Fee: yes:

Introduction to the major methods of printmaking-relief, intaglio, planographic processes and investigations of specific qualities of each process for creative expression. For art majors, teachers, art therapists and recreational directors.

ART 347A Teaching of Art: Elementary-Middle School 3 hours
Prerequisites: Junior standing, EDU 241, teacher certification art majors

Elementary through middle school methods in the teaching of art. Required for art majors seeking K-12 certifica­tion.

ART 347B Teaching of Art: High School 3 hours
Prerequisites: Junior standing, EDU 241, teacher certification art majors; Term: 2

High school methods in the teaching of art. Required for art majors seeking K-12 certification.

ART 348 Problems Studio: II 2-6 hours
Prerequisite: Approval of instructor; Fee: yes

Concentration in special media relating to courses on a 300 level. Students explore additional techniques, pro­cesses and media. Students are expected to produce work of advanced quality and meet with the class working in that medium.

      A. Drawing       D. Crafts           G. Photography

      B. Design          E. Painting                

      C. Printmaking   F. Ceramics          

ART 352 Painting Studio: I 4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 115, ART 111; Recommended: ART 215; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Introduction to basic painting techniques, materials and processes. Emphasis is placed on image formation, paint qualities and color concepts. Media includes oils, acrylics and/or watercolor.

ART 362 Painting Studio: II 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 352; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Emphasis is placed on more individualized experimentation and conceptual focus.

ART 376 Photography Studio: II 4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 276 or permission of instructor; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

Introductory course in traditional black and white, film-based photography. Course includes historical, visual and technical aspects of film-based photography, darkroom developing and printing.

ART 387 Ceramics Studio: Wheel-Thrown Pottery 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 287; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

A continuation of ART 287 with special emphasis on wheel-thrown pottery forms. Students learn to use the potters’ wheel to produce ceramic forms, while increasing their knowledge of glazes, glazing and decorative skills.

ART 388 Cooperative Field Experience 1-8 hours
Prerequisite: By arrangement with department; Term: 1, 2, summer

Part-time work experience for majors in activity related to specialization.

ART 392 Observations in Art Therapy 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 235, permission of art therapy coordinator; Term: 1, 2; summer

Observations of the practice of art therapy in a variety of professional agencies: schools, hospitals, residential and community health centers for special populations.

ART 411 Computer Graphics Studio: Illustration 2 hours
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor

Study of illustration concepts, techniques and adaptations using the computer as the primary medium.

ART 415 Life Drawing Studio: IV 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 325; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Advanced creative study of the figure.

ART 421 Graphic Design Studio: Media 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 321 or equivalent; Term: 1; Fee: yes

Advanced exploration of media associated with advertising and other forms of communications design. Develop­ment of design skills with an in-depth look at typography, digital imaging, and process from conception to produc­tion in a variety of print and digital media.

ART 422 Graphics Studio: Web Design and Digital Media 4 hours
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor

Exploration of the unique design issues for digital non-print mediums: web sites, CD ROM, etc. Typography, iden­tity, composition, animation graphics, information management and navigation are integral to this area of study. Computer applications include Dreamweaver, Flash, and Photoshop.

ART 443 Printmaking Studio: Woodcut 4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 111, ART 115; Fee: yes

Introduction to a variety of relief printmaking processes with emphasis on woodcut. Traditional and experimental techniques will be examined.

ART 448 Problems Studio: III 2-6 hours
Prerequisite: Approval of instructor; Term: 1, 2, summer; Fee: yes

Concentrated work in one of the major media of drawing, painting, graphics, ceramics, printmaking or design This is in connection with a course taught in the same area. Students are expected to produce work of advanced quality and meet with the class working in that medium

               A. Drawing      C. Printmaking         E. Painting        G. Photography

               B. Design         D. Crafts                 F. Ceramics

ART 450 Guided Field Experience 2-4 hours
Prerequisite: Prior application; Term: 1

By arrangement with the Department, students may earn credit for on-the-job experience or apprenticeship related to major. Submission of evaluations by work supervisor and by student at course conclusion.

ART 453 Printmaking Studio: Silkscreen 4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 111, ART 115 or equivalent; Fee: yes

Introduction to Silkscreen printmaking processes with emphasis on direct and indirect techniques, including tusche and litho crayon, cut stencils and photo-film.

ART 462 Painting Studio: III 4 hours
Prerequisite: ART 362; Term: 2; Fee: yes

Advanced projects in painting for development of individual techniques and concepts.

ART 487 Advanced Ceramics Studio: 4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 287, ART 387; Term: 1, 2; Fee: yes

Advanced work in solving complex problems in ceramic design and sculpture. Allows students to build upon their knowledge gained in ART 287 and ART 387. Emphasis on problem solving, critical thinking and kiln operation, while increasing knowledge of the role of ceramics in contemporary art.

ART 491 Independent Studio Study 1-6 hours
Prerequisites: At least two courses in area selected, permission of director prior to registration; Term: 1

Advanced work in area of special competence.

ART 492 Practicum in Art Therapy 2-4 hours
Prerequisites: ART 235, ART 392; permission of art therapy coordinator; Term 1, 2, summer

Guided field experience in professional public and private agencies where art therapy is practiced.

ART 496 Senior Workshop 3 hours
Prerequisite: Senior art standing and Eng 312, Term: 1; Fee: yes

Overview of practical skills/information useful to the professional artist—portfolio and resume development, exhibiting procedures, available resource materials and organizations. Includes presentation of graduation exhibit or portfolios. A Y grade will be issued for this course until the graduation exhibition or portfolio presentation.

ART HISTORY (AH)

AH 101 Looking at Art 3 hours
General Education option. Prerequisites: None; Terms 1, 2

This course is planned to develop an understanding of the creative process and the many different forms of expression in art. The purpose is to increase the students’ enjoyment of art by helping them learn to see and respond.

AH 200  Wonders of World Art: Ancient to Gothic 3 hours
Prerequisites: None; Term 1

A survey of world art from ancient civilizations including Egypt, the Middle East, India, Greece, Rome, Early Christian, Islam, Africa, and the Americas to Gothic Europe. Primarily deals with major monuments. Emphasizes characteris­tics and innovations in art as influenced by the society that created them.

AH 201 Wonders of Western Art: Renaissance to Modern 3 hours
Prerequisites: None; Term 2

A survey of Western art beginning with the Renaissance in Italy to modern Europe, including African and Oriental art as it influenced the west. Emphasizes characteristics and innovations in art as influenced by the society that created them.

AH 350 Black Art 3 hours
Prerequisites: Sophomore standing, LS 105;.

History, influences and directions in the 20th century of international black art and artists.

AH 355 History of Women Artists 3 hours
Prerequisites: Sophomore standing, LS 105        

Women artists have made significant contributions to the visual arts from the middle ages to the present day. The history of their struggle is representative of the historical role of women in a male-dominated western society. Art­ists to be covered include Hildegard of Bingen, Gentileschi, O’Keeffe, Ringgold, and the Guerrilla Girls.

AH 370 20th/21st   Century Art 3 hours
Prerequisites: Sophomore standing, LS 105; ENG 108

Changes in the relationship between the artist and nature resulted in new forms of expression and determined the course of art in the 20th and 21st century. Emphasis on art from 1917-present. Writing-inten­sive course.

AH 491 Independent Study 2-4 hours
Prerequisites: Minimum of three art history courses, permission of instructor; Term: 1, 2

By arrangement prior to registration. Directed in-depth study of topics based upon broader area departmental courses.

AH 495  Directed Research  1-4 hours
Prerequisites: Minimum of three art history courses, permission of instructor, Term: 1, 2

By arrangement prior to registration. Individual reading and research in areas not covered by departmental courses.

AIE 344/544 Arts Infused Education (AIE)

This course is a hands-on experience in 4 art forms (music, drama, dance, and visual arts) and how to integrate the arts into the teaching of core curriculum. Students will tap into their own creativity while understanding the diverse ways in which people learn. Students will be introduced to reflective practice and its application.

BIO 118 Medical Terminology 2 hours
Prerequisites: None; Term: Fall, Winter

This course is designed for students with an active interest in the medical and paramedical fields. The course provides the student with the fundamental principles needed to understand medical vocabulary. The student will learn to use the techniques of word building with an emphasis on spelling, pronunciation and the meanings of medical terms.

BIO 139 Principles of Biology 4 hours
Prerequisites: Completion of developmental and foun­dation courses; Term: Fall, Summer; Fee: yes. General Education option – not for science majors.

This course is a survey of the major generalizations of biology with an emphasis on molecular and cellular mechanisms, organismic structures and functions, basic concepts in genetics, the principles of evolution, and the interdependence of all living things with the environment. The laboratory exercises introduce the student to the process of scientific investigation and laboratory technique. Students will examine various biological structures and survey representatives of the five kingdoms of living organisms. Laboratory included.

BIO 141 Nutrition Through the Life Cycle 3 hours
Prerequisites: MTH 099; Term: winter

Fundamentals of nutrition and its effect on the individual’s growth, development, and total health; related topics of current concern, including weight control, dietary fats, fiber, and world health; impact of culture and environment on food choices. Computer nutrition analysis.

BIO 150 Biology I: From Molecules to Cells 4 hours
Prerequisites: Completion of developmental and foun­dation courses; Term: Fall; Fee: yes.

Biology 150 is a course which, together with Biology 151, is designed to give the student a broad experi­ence in the biological sciences. This course empha­sizes the cellular and molecular aspects of biology. Science majors, including many health professionals, are the intended audience. Laboratory included.

BIO 151 Biology II: Unity and Diversity of Life 4 hours
Prerequisites: Completion of developmental and foun­dation courses, BIO 150; Term: Winter; Fee: yes.

The course is designed to give the student a broad experience in the biological sciences. In this course, we deal mainly with the organismal and supra-organismal levels of biological organization. Evolution will be the unifying theme. The diversity, form, function, and ecology of organisms will be covered, with particular emphasis on plants and animals. Science majors, including many health professionals, are the intended audience. Laboratory included.

BIO 201 Ecology and the Environment 4 hours
Prerequisites: LS 105, ENG 107; Term: Fall; Fee: yes. General Education option. Cross-listed with ENV 201

A survey of the biological, chemical and physical environmental problems caused by overpopulation. Topics include the interrelationship of living things with the environment, ecological principles, land resources, energy, land pollution, pest control, water and air pollu­tion, and endangered species. Laboratory included.

BIO 226 General Zoology 4 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 150, BIO 151, ENG 108 or equiva­lent; Term: Fall; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years

This course deals with the general principles of zoology. Beginning with an introduction to the classification of the animal kingdom, the major groups of invertebrate and some vertebrate animals will be surveyed. Emphasis will be placed on development, structure, function, reproduction, and evolution. Laboratory exercises will enable the student to directly observe internal and external morphology of selected animal groups and will provide for observations and experiments with various living organisms. Laboratory included.

BIO 234 General Botany 4 hours
Prerequisite: BIO 150; BIO 151, Term: Fall; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years

This course deals with a survey of the plant-like protists, the fungi, and members of the plant kingdom. Students study the process of photosynthesis and its relevance to life on our planet. They then study the life cycles and reproduction of plants. Transport systems of vascular plants are covered in detail. In addition the anatomy and physiology of all plant-like organisms, their growth and development is studied. The current success and diverse numbers and species of plants are related to their evolutionary success and role in the earth’s ecosystems. Laboratory exercises enable the students to directly observe the structure of botanical organisms and provide for observations and experiments with living organisms. A field collection of leaves is required. Laboratory included.

BIO 257 Human Anatomy and Physiology 4 hours
Prerequisites: Completion of developmental and foundation courses, BIO 118 recommended; Term: Fall, Summer; Fee: yes. General Education option – not for science majors.

A survey of human anatomy and physiology with selected labs. Topics include cells, metabolism, tissue and skin. Also includes the skeletal and articular, mus­cular, digestive, circulatory and lymphatic, endocrine, respiratory, urinary, reproductive and nervous systems.

BIO 267 Clinical Anatomy and Physiology 4 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 150; BIO 118 recommended; designed for science majors and minors - not for general education; Term Winter; Fee: yes.

This course is a study of human anatomy and physiology with virtual human cadaver labs as well as other hands on selected labs. Topics include: tissues and the following systems: integumentary; skeletal and articular, muscular, digestive; blood, cardiovascular and lymphatic circulatory, endocrine, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, nervous, and their major diseases. This class is not for general education, it is specifically for science majors and minors.

BIO 312 Junior Seminar 2 hours
Corequisites: Junior standing in the major, ENG 312; Term Winter; Fee: yes; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 312.

Junior Seminar has been designed to help science majors improve their writing AS SCIENTISTS. Competence in writing in science requires critical evaluation of one’s work. In order to encourage the development of critical thinking, students critique published work as well as write essays, reviews, and research reports. The heart of the course lies in the weekly interaction between the instructor and students through discussion both in class sections and one-on-one. A weekly lecture provides structure and continuity and allows consideration of other topics such as interviewing and resume writing, poster presentations, ethics in science, and the nature of science and creativity. This is the program’s writing intensive course.

BIO 321 Microbiology 4 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 150, BIO 151; one semester of general college chemistry; Term: Fall; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years

Microorganisms with emphasis on bacteria and viruses, form, structure, reproduction, genetics, physiology, me­tabolism and identification, disease, transmission and control. Lab included. Written lab reports required.

BIO 347 The Teaching of Biology 3 hours
Prerequisites: EDU 240, 241; Co-requisite: EDU 347; Term: Winter. Offered as needed

Philosophical basis for science teaching; survey of special programs in biology; specific objectives, materials and curriculum planning for biology; emphasis on role of laboratory in biology teaching. Observations of classroom/laboratory teaching.

BIO 360 Biochemistry 4 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 150, CHM 140, CHM 325, Term: Fall; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years; Cross-listed with CHM 360

Biochemistry 360 is an advanced-level course for students majoring in chemistry or biology. This course provides an overview of fundamental concepts in biochemistry which focuses upon the major macromolecules and chemi­cal properties of living systems. Topics include the structure, function and metabolism of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids; the physical properties of water, pH, and buffers; enzyme kinetics and regulation. The principles of bioenergetics and the integration of metabolic control will be developed. Laboratory included.

BIO 388 Cooperative Field Experience 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: Junior standing, biology major, departmental approval; Term: Fall, Winter, Summer

Supervised work experience in activity related to an area of specialization. This is planned in consultation with advisor, co-op supervisor and employer. Recording, reporting and evaluation of experience will be required.

BIO 485 Genetics 4 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 150, BIO 151; one semester of general college chemistry, one semester of organic chemistry; Extra lab time required. Term: Winter; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years

Study of hereditary material, its chemical and physical nature. Transmission and function will be emphasized. Mendelian inheritance, human genetics and evolution. Lab included. Written and oral lab reports required.

BIO 490 Cell and Molecular Biology 4 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 150, BIO 151; BIO 321 recommended, one semester of general college chemistry, one semester of organic chemistry; Term: Winter; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years

Cell doctrine, genes, cell metabolism, biosynthesis, photosynthesis, molecular replication, transcription, mutation and regulation of cell processes, biochemistry. Lab included. Formal lab reports and oral presentation required.

BIO 491 Independent Study 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: Permission of instructor; biology major or minor; Junior status; Term: Fall, Winter, Summer

Opportunity to earn credit for the independent study of a course not listed in the catalog as a specific offering. By arrangement.

BIO 496A  Senior Seminar: Library Research 2 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 312; Senior standing in BIO major; completion of general education and writing requirements; Term: Fall, Winter; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496A.

This course is designed for senior science majors to have the opportunity to write and orally present a research proposal. This will include conducting a literature review and designing an original research project. Students carry out their research project in BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496B. Use of computer for informational searches, data analysis, and word processing; oral presentations and final research paper required.

BIO 496B Senior Seminar: Laboratory Research 2 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 496A; Senior standing in BIO major; completion of general education and writing requirements; Term: Fall, Winter; Fee: yes; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496B.

This course is designed for senior science majors to conduct research with the direction of a faculty member. The student will carry out a research project of their own design. Specifically students will conduct experiments, write up the results of those experiments, write up the conclusions based on those results and present the results and conclusions of the project both in written and oral formats.

CIS 112 A+ Test Preparation 6 hours
This course is designed to prepare students to become computer technicians and is taught in a hands-on laboratory setting. Students will be introduced to the PC, its components, installation of these components and diagnosis and solution to PC problems. This course is intended for those who install, configure, maintain and/or repair PC systems. Prior PC knowledge is helpful but not required. This course is framed in two 40-hour sections covering 1) core hardware service, and 2) operating systems technologies.

CIS 205 Introduction to Computer Information Systems 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108; Term 1, 2
Examination of information systems from the perspective of the manager as user. A study of the principles and concepts of computers in business and in the professions, and an overview of the system analysis and design functions. Topics include development of information systems, management of information technology resources, and social implications of computer usage.

CIS 210 Microcomputer Applications 3 hours
Prerequisites: MATH 100; Fee: yes; Term 1,2
An applied course in developing basic competencies in the following office applications: word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentations, and the Internet.

CIS 212 Introduction to Operating Systems 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 205; Fee: yes; Term 1, 2
This course introduces methods used with PC’s to control applications and exchange
data between programs. Students learn about a variety of PC interface issues including Windows standards, file management, customizing, shortcut methods, and accessory programs. Hands-on applications under both graphics-oriented and character-based windowing approaches are employed to demonstrate multi-program control and sharing and exchanging data between programs.

CIS 245 Computer Programming and Logic 3 hours
Prerequisite: CIS 205; Fee: yes; Term 1, 2
This course introduces the basic concepts of algorithmic development and techniques of computer programming. Logic, design and implementation models are presented to solve and program business problems. Programs are created using structured and modular programming techniques. Concepts of planning and developing program requirements and specifications are introduced to students using flowcharts, pseudocode and hierarchy charts.

CIS 251 Introduction to Programming Languages 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 205, MTH 100; Fee: yes; Term 2
Input, output, storage, procedures, applications and programming practice using
Object-Oriented Languages. This course emphasizes a modular top-down hierarchical approach to programming.

CIS 300 Principles of Information Systems Management 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS205; BUS 266 is highly desirable. Term: 1
The goal of this course is to present a core of IS principles with which every CIS and Business student should be familiar and to offer a survey of the IS discipline that will enable all CIS and Business students to understand the relationship of advanced courses to the curriculum as a whole. It will also present the changing role of the IS professional and show the value of the discipline as an attractive field of specialization.

CIS 320 E-Commerce 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 300. Fee: yes; Term: Offered alternate years
Designed to familiarize individuals with current and emerging electronic commerce technologies using the Internet. Topics include Internet technology for business advantage; managing electronic commerce funds transfer; electronic commerce Web site design; social, political and ethical issues associated with electronic commerce; and business plans for technology ventures.

CIS 347 Methods of Teaching Computer Information Systems 3 hours
Prerequisites: EDU 347, department approval
Methods of teaching computer information science at the middle and secondary levels; theoretical basis; objectives; course, unit and lesson planning; techniques of instruction; selection and use of computer facilities; professional development. Observation of teaching.

CIS 372 C++ Programming Language 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 251; Fee: yes; Term 1, 2
This course introduces students to the structure, organization, basic elements and concepts of C++. Emphasis is placed upon topics such as problem solving, programming structures using selection, decision, repetition and looping structures, file manipulation, style, and modularity using functions. Students strengthen their problem solving skills and analytical techniques as they design, test and debug a variety of business programs.

CIS 373 Java Language Programming 3 hours
Prerequisite: An object oriented programming language. Fee: yes. Term 2
Java language concepts used in conjunction with the World Wide Web. Students will learn how Java is used as a powerful cross-platform client/server development tool. Included in this course will be the creation of Java applets for use on the Internet.

CIS 374 Advanced C++ Programming 3 hours
Prerequisite: CIS 372; Fee: yes; Term 2
Object oriented programming principles are introduced using the C++ language. Topics include encapsulation, data hiding, data abstraction, classes, constructors, destructors, function and operator overloading, pointers, dynamic allocation of memory, inheritance, and polymorphism.

CIS 375 Database Management Systems 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 251; Fee: yes; Term 1
Concepts and structures fundamental for designing and implementing databasemanagement systems. Included are SQL relational databases; data manipulation,definition, and control.

CIS 376 Advanced Database Management Systems 3 hours
Prerequisite: CIS 375. Term 2.
Intensive study of database systems, including advanced techniques for representation and specific to a business environment. Object oriented database systems will be available for student use.

CIS 380 Decision Support and Expert Systems 3 hours
Prerequisite: CIS 251 and CIS 300; Term 1
Explores human decision making and how decision support systems assist this process.

CIS 388 Cooperative Field Experience 1-3 hours
Prerequisites: Completion of 12 credit hours in computer information systems,departmental approval, junior standing. Term 1,2
Work experience for majors only in activity related to specialization. May be applied for more than once.

CIS 390 Social/Ethical/Legal Implications of Computing 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 205, BUS 304; Term 2
Influence of the computer revolution on society; automation, data banks, ethics, information explosion, moneyless economy, numeralization and depersonalization, privacy and security. Moral and legal obligations of the computer professional, including issues related to intellectual property and copyrights. Case studies will be used, as well as literature specific to current issues in information systems. Writing intensive course.

CIS 412 Data Communications/Networking 3 hours
Prerequisite: CIS 300 ; Fee: yes. Term alternate years
Technology, design, management, and use of communication networks. Topics include topologies, architecture, networks, standards and protocols.

CIS 433 Designing and Maintaining Web Pages 3 hours
Prerequisite: CIS 251. Fee: yes. Term 2
Students will design WEB pages to be used on the Internet. This will include experience with HTML (Hypertext Mark Up Language) and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).

CIS 444 Project Management 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 210 and junior standing; Fee: yes. Term 1
This course introduces students to the project management concepts and corresponding software tools. Students will learn the fundamentals of project scheduling and management.

CIS 476 Information Systems I: System Development 3 hours
Prerequisites: CIS 390, CIS 422; Fee: yes; Term 1
This course covers an in-depth study of all phases related to the systems Life Cycle, from initial investigation through final installation. Students will develop an enterprise business model, using productivity tools such as CASE. Specific emphasis will be given to project management techniques, including quality assurance and cost/benefit tools applicable to
IS planning and design.

CIS 488 Cooperative Field Experience 1-3 hours
Prerequisites: Completion of 24 credit hours in computer information systems, departmental approval, senior standing. Term 1,2
Work experience for majors only in activity related to specialization. May be applied for more than once.

CIS 491 Independent Study 1-3 hours
Prerequisite: Permission from head of department and CIS faculty member. Term 2

CIS 496 Information Systems II: Strategies and Management: Senior Project 3 hours
Prerequisite: Senior Standing; CIS 476; Fee: yes; Term 2
Structure, models, and utilization of information systems of management decisions in various types of business environments. This course provides a framework for an investigation of the methods appropriate for information systems planning and management. Elements include: facilities, equipment, personnel, technical skills, and training. All elements of previous courses will be incorporated. Project presentations are required, exhibiting visual, oral, and written communication skills; research based.

CJ 110 Introduction to Criminal Justice 3 hours
Course cross-listed with SOC 110. Term: 1 and/or 2

Overview of the various components of the justice system. This course investigates social order and the notion of justice as examined in its respective relationships to various forms of social institutions. It provides an examina­tion of the roles, objectives, and methods of institutions such as the police, the courts, corrections, and the com­munity and their relationships within the larger framework of public policy.

CJ 140 Introduction to Forensic Science 3 hours
Course cross-listed with FSC 140. Term: offered as needed.

Forensic science is the application of science to the law and encompasses various scientific disciplines. This course will introduce various methodologies and applications used in the forensic context. Topics discussed include organic and inorganic chemical analyses of physical evidence, principles of serology and DNA analysis, identification of fresh and decomposed human remains, ballistics, fingerprint analysis, facial reconstruction, drug analysis, and forensic entomology.

CJ 200 Sociological Perspectives of Crime 3 hours
Term 1or 2, Prerequisites: CJ 110

This course seeks to provide a sociological understanding in the study of crime. The nature, cause, control, treat­ment and prevention of crime will be examined through a sociological lens. An emphasis on developing critical thinking skills when evaluating theory, policy, and research will be undertaken.

CJ 240 Corrections 3 hours
Course cross-listed with SOC 240. Term: 1 offered as needed.

Organizational and operational methods in correctional facilities (objectives, security levels, pre-release). Human concerns in custodial care. Includes co-ed and women’s facilities.

CJ 311 Deviant Behavior 3 hours
Prerequisite: SOC 201; Term: 1

Emphasizes interplay between society and the person in the development of deviant behavior. Explores the differ­ent kinds of deviance, theory, social control, and social issues.

CJ 320 Juvenile Delinquency 3 hours
Course cross-listed with SOC320. Term 1 or 2, Prerequisite: SOC 201; Term: 2

Provides an overview of juvenile behavior and the juvenile justice system in American society. A critical approach is used exploring the history and social construction of juvenile delinquency as a social phenomenon, theoretical explanations for delinquent behavior, experiences of juvenile delinquents, and the organizational processes and politics of the contemporary juvenile justice system.

CJ 330 Criminal Behavior 3 hours
Term: 2 Prerequiste: CJ110

This course is an introduction to the scientific study of crime and criminality. The nature and extent of crime along with various explanations of crime and criminality will be examined.

CJ 340 Crime Scene Investigation and Evidence Collection 1 4 hours
Course cross-listed with FSC 340. Term 1, Prerequisite: FSC 140; CHM 140; BIO 139

Designed to provide students with the basic theoretical and philosophical understanding of the investigatory process as well as fundamental investigation techniques such as crime scene analysis, collection, preservation, and testing of evidence, modus operandi, use of technology, types of evidence, and the science of criminalistics. Analysis of problems encountered in interviewing, interrogating, evidence collection, and admissibility. Application of investigation theories to the administration of justice will also be developed.

CJ 341 Crime Scene Investigation and Evidence Collection 2 4 hours
Course cross-listed with FSC 340. Term 2, Prerequisite: FSC 340

This course is a continuation of Crime Scene Investigation and Evidence Collection 1.

CJ 351 Restorative Justice 3 hours
Course cross-listed with SOC351, Prerequiste: CJ110, CJ200, Instructor permission.

This course is an overview of community and restorative justice. It is an introductory analysis of the principles and practices of restorative justice. Restorative justice offers an approach to criminal justice based on a balanced focus on the victim, offender, and community.

CJ 352  Women in the American Criminal Justice System 3 hours
Course cross-listed with SOC 352, Prerequisite: SOC 201; Term: 1

Focuses on women as offenders, victims and professionals in the criminal justice system with particular emphasis on ethnicity as an influencing factor.

CJ 355 Social Research Methods 4 hours
Course cross-listed with SW 355, Prerequisite: MTH 100, PSY205; SOC201; Term 1, 2  Instructor Permission

Provides a beginning understanding and appreciation of social research. Emphasizes the use and production of research for improving one’s effectiveness as a generalist social work practitioner or social science professional. Students become familiar with different social research approaches (using both quantitative and qualitative data), and learn a method for effectively evaluating research studies. Includes a series of experiential exercises that lead students step-by-step through the research process: deciding and developing a research question, specify­ing sampling strategy, selecting or developing appropriate measures, planning and carrying out a data collection, analyzing data, writing a research paper, etc. Emphasizes important ethical and human diversity issues raised throughout the research process.

CJ 356 Police and Society 3 hours
Offered as needed. Term 1. Prerequisite: CJ110

The relationship between police and society in the United States will be examined. This course offers students an overview of who the police are and what they do. It will look at problems related to policing, and the many reforms and innovations that have been attempted in police work.

CJ 358 Law and Society 3 hours
Course cross-listed with POL 358. Prerequisite: Introductory course in Political Science or Social Science;

Term: Alternate years A study of American law as seen through the United States Constitution and interpreted by the federal and state court systems. Also a brief examination of the roots of American civil and criminal law.

CJ 380 Criminal Law 3 hours
Course cross-listed with SOC 380. Term: 1 Prerequisite: CJ110

Processes of U.S. and state court systems. Studies constitutional law regarding due process, search and seizure. Includes selected precedent-setting cases. Examines American Correctional Association standards.

CJ 400 Special Topics in Criminal Justice 3 hours
Prerequisites:   CJ110, junior or senior standing, permission of instructor; Offered as needed.

Selected topics and issues in criminal justice as chosen by the instructor.

CJ 491 Independent Study in Criminal Justice 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: CJ110, CJ355, permission of instructor ; Term: 1, 2, 3

Advanced research in criminology and/or crimi­nal justice and presentation of critically evaluated data.

CJ 492  Readings in Criminal Justice 3 hours
Course cross listed with SOC492. Prerequisites: For CJ majors. CJ110, junior or senior standing, permission of the instructor; Term: 1, 2, 3

In-depth investigation of a selected area of Criminology and Criminal Justice. May be repeated for credit(s).

CJ/SOC 495 Restorative Justice Practices 3 hours
Prerequisites: CJ 351

This course is a continuation of CJ/SOC 351 Restorative Justice. This seminar will take a critical look at traditional government responses to crime in the United States and examine how the principles and practice of restorative justice may improve that response. The application of the principles of restorative justice and the challenges of a restorative approach will be addressed

CJ 496 Senior Seminar Project 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 312, CJ 355, junior or senior standing, permission of the instructor; Term: 2

Topic to be selected by student with approval of instructor. May be library research based or an original research project. Requires written and oral presentations. Writing intensive.

CJ498  Internship in Criminal Justice 3-6 hours
Prerequisites: junior or senior standing, permission of the instructor by the beginning of Term 1; Term: 2

Practical application of sociological and criminological concepts and skills. Planned and supervised professional experience related to Criminal Justice which takes place outside the formal classroom with business, industry, and private/public agencies. Please be advised that if a 3 hour credit has been chosen, then 1 additional elective course must be taken in the CJ major.

ECN 200  Introductory Macroeconomics  3 hours
Prerequisite: MTH 100; Sophomore standing; Term: 1, 2, summer. General Education option
Principles of macroeconomic analysis, determination of national income and employment level; the monetary system; and stabilization policies.

ECN 202 Economic Dimensions 3 hours
Prerequisites: Sophomore standing; Term: 1, 2, summer. General Education option
Fundamentals of micro and macroeconomic analysis presented in the context of contemporary socio-economic problems and policy alternatives. This course is intended to satisfy general education requirements only, and can­not be counted toward a minor in economics.

ECN 203  Introductory Microeconomics 3 hours
Prerequisites: ECN 200 or 202, MTH 100; Sophomore standing; Term: 1, 2 . General Education option
Focuses on theory of the individual firm in short and long run analysis; profit maximization under different market structures; and analysis of resource allocation and income distribution.

ECN/POL/PSY/SOC 305  Introductory Statistics 4 hours
Prerequisite: MTH 100 or equivalent; Term: 1, 2, summer
Fundamental principles of descriptive and inferential statistics with applications to social sciences. May include use of statistical software.

ECN 307 Finance 4 hours
Prerequisites: ACC 234, ECN 200, ECN 203; Term: 2
Study of the basic theoretical framework for decision-making in financial management. Includes financial planning, fund requirements and sources, and fundamentals of capital budgeting.

ECN 310 Money and Banking 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108, ECN 200 or ECN 202; Term: 1
Emphasis on operation and control of monetary and banking system in relation to government fiscal policy and international finance.

ECN/HIS 340  American Labor History 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108; HIS 252 or HIS 253 recommended.
The history of the working class and trade union movement in the United States from the mid-19th century to the present.

ECN 341 Issues in Economics 4 hours
Prerequisite: ECN 200 or 202 or 203. Offered as needed
Examination of various issues and problems in economics at the present time. Writing intensive.

ECN/HIS 345 Problems in American Economic History 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108‚ ECN 200 or 202. Offered as needed
The process of American economic development; historical roots of contemporary economic problems.

ECN 361 International Economics and Finance 4 hours
Prerequisite: ECN 203. Offered as needed
Focuses on international trade‚ investment‚ and finance issues since the end of World War II. Includes the study of important international monetary and trade organizations and the study of the effect of regional integration and cooperation on trade and investment. Writing intensive.

ECN 365 Economics of the Third World 3 hours
Prerequisite: ECN 200 or 202. Offered as needed
Study of the theories of economic development, as well as the economic relationship between developed and third world nations.

ECN 384 Consumer Money Management 3 hours
Prerequisites: ECN 200 or 202. Term: 2; alternate years
Principles of management applied to the financial needs and resources of the individual and family. Emphasis on financial planning, income distribution, consumer financial services and protection, use of credit, insurance and investments.

ECN 388  Cooperative Field Experience 2-6 hours
Prerequisite: Departmental approval; Term: 1, 2
Supervised work experience in activity related to area of specialization, planned in consultation with advisor, co-op supervisor and employer. Recording, reporting and evaluation of experience will be required.

ECN 491  Independent Study1-4 hours
Prerequisite: At least one course in economics; Term: 1, 2
Advanced research and presentation of critically evaluated data.

ENV 135 Earth Science 4 hours
Prerequisite: Any LS 105 requirement; Term Winter. Fee: yes. General Education option.
Physical and chemical processes related to the past, present and future behavior of the Earth system and the energy systems that drive these processes. The course will focus on the Earth’s materials, the Earth’s surface and the Earth’s interior. Laboratory included.

ENV 201 Ecology & The Environment 4 hours
Prerequisites: LS 105, ENG 107; Term Fall. Fee: yes. General Education option. Cross-listed with BIO 201

A survey of the biological, chemical and physical environmental problems caused by overpopulation. Topics include the interrelationship of living things with the environment, ecological principles, land resources, energy, land pollution, pest control, water and air pollu­tion, and endangered species. Laboratory included.

ENV 300 Weather & Climate 4 hours
Prerequisite: ENV 130 or ENV 135; Term winter; Fee: yes; offered alternate years

This course will orient you to the fundamentals of weather and climate. The course seeks to answer questions such as: Why is there weather in the first place? What drives the movement of air and water around the globe? How do the climates of various places differ, and what factors drive these differences? Why do the great majority of the world’s peoples live near the coasts? How might the climate be changing, and what factors might be driving these changes? Vari­ous aspects of meteorology will be discussed, includ­ing solar radiation, global circulation, winds, stability, precipitation processes, weather systems, and severe weather. Basic physical principles behind the weather, terminology, and weather analysis will be explored. Laboratory included.

ENV 312 Junior Seminar 2 hours
Corequisites: Junior standing in the major, ENG 312; Term Winter; Fee: yes; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/

HSC/ISC 312.
Junior Seminar has been designed to help science majors improve their writing AS SCIENTISTS. Competence in writing in science requires critical evaluation of one’s work. In order to encourage the development of critical thinking, students critique published work as well as write essays, reviews, and research reports. The heart of the course lies in the weekly interaction between the instructor and students through discussion both in class sections and one-on-one. A weekly lecture provides structure and continuity and allows consideration of other topics such as interviewing and resume writing, poster presentations, ethics in science, and the nature of science and creativity. This is the program’s writing intensive course.

ENV 320   Introduction to Environmental Sustainability 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108; Term: Fall.

This course introduces students to the dynamics between the influences of social, economical and environmental factors important in any analysis of environmental sustainability. The course will examine both historical and current perspectives of sustainability and the challenges in creating a balance between development and the environment.

ENV 350 Environmental Chemistry 3 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 241 & 325; Term: Fall. Offered alternate years

Introduces students to environmental chemistry, the branch of chemistry dealing with the origins, transport, reactions, effects and fates of chemical species in the water, air, soil and living environments.

ENV 370 Environmental Policy and Regulations 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108; Offered alternate years. Term:Winter

This course is intended as a simple, practical introduction into America’s environmental politics, policies and regu­lations. It will answer questions such as; who governs the environmental regulations, what are examples of these regulations, are the regulations and politicians focusing on the most important priorities? What are the environ­mental concerns in Michigan and the Metropolitan Detroit Area?

ENV 380 Environmental Sampling and Analysis 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108; Term:WinterI. Offered alternate years: Fee: yes.

Critical decisions in regard to the protection of our surroundings are based on data collected and derived from laboratory measurements of environmental pollutants. The students will learn valid data measures, data reporting systems and data analysis.

ENV 388 Cooperative Field Experience 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: Junior standing, biology major, departmental approval; Term: Fall, Winter, Summer

Supervised work experience in activity related to an area of specialization. This is planned in consultation with advisor, co-op supervisor and employer. Recording, reporting and evaluation of experience will be required.

CHM 410 Special Topics in Environmental Studies: Urban Issues 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENV320 Term: TBA.

Advanced study of urban environmental problems ranging from health, crime, pollution and policy.

ENV 491 Independent Study 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: Permission of instructor; biology major or minor; Junior status; Term: Fall, Winter, Summer

Opportunity to earn credit for the independent study of a course not listed in the catalog as a specific offering. By arrangement.

BIO 496A Senior Seminar: Library Research 2 hours
Prerequisites: ENV 312; Senior standing in ENV major; completion of general education and writing requirements; Term: Fall, Winter; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496A.

This course is designed for senior science majors to have the opportunity to write and orally present a research proposal. This will include conducting a literature review and designing an original research project. Students carry out their research project in BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496B. Use of computer for informational searches, data analysis, and word processing; oral presentations and final research paper required.

BIO 496B Senior Seminar: Laboratory Research 2 hours
Prerequisites: ENV 496A; Senior standing in ENV major; completion of general education and writing requirements; Term: Fall, Winter; Fee: yes; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496B.

This course is designed for senior science majors to conduct research with the direction of a faculty member. The student will carry out a research project of their own design. Specifically students will conduct experiments, write up the results of those experiments, write up the conclusions based on those results and present the results and conclusions of the project both in written and oral formats.

POL/SOC 307 Introduction to Ethnic/Cultural Studies 3 hours
Prerequisite: LS 105; SOC/POL 306 recommended; Term I
This course will define race ethnicity and culture, gender and enculturation. The student will learn the components of our social structure and the bias inherent in a socially stratified society where power and authority is vested in one dominant group. The use of stereotypes to reinforce the inferiority of minority groups will be explained. Race as a scientific concept will be a topic for discussion.

For additional course descriptions, see appropriate sections of the catalog.

BUS 173 Introduction to Business 3 hours
Prerequisites: MTH099; Term: 1, 2

Survey stressing basic business concepts and functions-the market economy, forms of business organizations in our society, the role of management and labor, capitalization and finance, production, marketing and the organiza­tional structure.

BUS 175 Business Mathematics 2 hours
Prerequisite: BUS 173 or equivalent

Review of mathematical fundamentals-application of mathematical concepts to practical business transactions, discounts and markups, and financial analysis of business activities.

BUS 266 Principles of Organization and Management 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS 173; Term: 2

Elements of the managerial processes fundamental to the operation of various organizations. Includes application of principles to a business enterprise stressing systems thinking, problem-solving, profit and ethics.

BUS 302 Principles of Marketing 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS173, ECN 200; Term: 1

In-depth study of market analysis, product development, placement and distribution, pricing and promotion func­tions.

BUS 304 Business Law I 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS 173; Term: 1

Survey of our legal systems, basic law of contracts, personal property, real property and sales.

BUS 307 Finance 4 hours
Prerequisites: ACC 234, ECN 200‚ECN 203; Term: 2

Study of the basic theoretical framework for decision-making in financial management. Includes financial planning, fund requirements and sources, and fundamentals of capital budgeting. Cross-listed with ECN 307.

BUS 308 Business and Professional Writing 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108, several courses in the student’s major field; Fee: yes. Term: 1

Underlying principles and techniques for effective communications in business and professional settings. Empha­sis on audience analysis, as well as purpose and organization of various types of letters, reports and memoranda. Writing-intensive course. Cross-listed with ENG 308.

BUS 310 Financial Investment Strategy 3 hours
Prerequisites: ACC 234, ECN 200; Term: 1

Security markets and how they function. Includes interpreting market changes, capital building through stock investments, factors influencing stock market prices, bond investment techniques, sources of investment informa­tion, strategies and theories of investing.

BUS 314 Business Law II  3 hours
Prerequisite: BUS 304; Term: 2

Basic law of commercial paper, creditors’ rights, agency, partnerships and corporations.

BUS 318 Professional Communications Design 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 108, several courses in business; Term: 2

This course is a workshop-based, computer-enhanced examination of the theoretical principles and practical tech­niques for producing a variety of communications projects typically required by contemporary organizations. In this course, students will explore basic communication principles and use Microsoft Office and Adobe PageMaker applications to produce a range of professional texts. This is an alternative to fulfill the writing-intensive course requirement. Cross-listed with ENG 318

BUS 322 Consumer Behavior 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS 302, PSY 205. Offered alternate years

Study of consumer motivation, decision-making and information processing. Influences of social institutions and culture on consumer behavior are included.

BUS 320 Ecommerce 3 hours
Prerequisite: CIS 300. Offered alternate years

This course is designed to familiarize individuals with current and emerging electronic commerce technologies us­ing the Internet. Topics include: Internet technology for business advantage, managing electronic commerce funds transfer, reinventing the future of business through electronic commerce, business opportunities in electronic commerce, electronic commerce web site design, social, political and ethical issues associated with electronic commerce, and business plans for technology ventures. The purpose of this course is to educate a new genera­tion of managers, planners, analysts, and programmers of the realities and potential for electronic commerce. Cross-listed with CIS 320.

BUS 323 Human Resource Management 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS 266; Term: 1

Study of personnel functions-staffing, development, employee benefits, organization behavior, wage and salary administration, and performance appraisal.

BUS 332 Sales Management Strategies 3 hours
Prerequisite: BUS 302; Term: 2; Offered alternate years

Examines the development of sales strategies. Topics include market assessment, effective sales presentations and making the close. Students will make actual sales presentations.

BUS 333  Entrepreneurship 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS 266, ACC 224; Term: 1; Offered alternate years

Integrative course focusing on the management of a small business enterprise. Organizational, financial, manage­rial and legal aspects are explored. Specific areas will be related to the starting and operating of a small business.

BUS 342  International Marketing 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS 302; Term: 2; Offered alternate years

In-depth examination of the global business environment including foundations in multicultural understanding, political environments, international legal issues, the NAFTA and EU, and how these impact global marketing.

BUS 368 Quality Management Principles 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS266; Offered alternate years

This course explores the principles of Total Quality: customer focus, participation and teamwork, continuous improvement and learning. It focuses on the development of quality processes and systems through the tools of information gathering and analysis, benchmarking, supplier partnership, the Baldridge Award, and ISO9000. It covers issues in business services as well as products.

BUS 38 Business and Professional Ethics 3 hours
Prerequisites: PHL 126, BUS 266; Term: 1: Offered alternate years

Descriptive survey of ethical theories and perspectives to all professions. Reflection on contemporary ethical approaches through case studies and selected readings. Analysis of some major dilemmas in business and other professions.

BUS 384 Consumer Money Management  3 hours
Prerequisites: ECN200 or ECN202; Term: 2; Offered alternate years

Principles of management applied to the financial needs and resources of the individual and family. Emphasis on financial planning, income distribution, consumer financial services and protection, use of credit, insurance and investments.

BUS 388 Cooperative Field Experience 1-3 hours
Prerequisites: 24 credit hours in business; junior standing; 3.0 GPA; department approval; Term: 1, 2, summer

Supervised work experience in activity related to area of specialization, planned in consultation with academic advisor, co-op supervisor and employer. Recording, reporting and evaluation of experience will be required.

BUS 423 Collective Bargaining and Labor Relations 3 hours
Prerequisites: BUS 266; senior status or permission of instructor; Term: 2; Offered alternate years

Study of the employer/union relationship and of the processes developed to implement that relationship. Includes union organizing, negotiation and administration of the collective bargaining agreement, the grievance system, and the structure of labor unions.

BUS 488  Cooperative Field Experience 1-3 hours
Prerequisites: Senior standing, 27 credit hours in business, department approval, 3.0 GPA; Term: 1, 2

Supervised work experience in activity related to area of specialization, planned in consultation with academic advisor, co-op supervisor and employer. Recording, reporting and evaluation of experience will be required.

BUS 491 Independent Study 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: Senior standing; departmental approval; permission of study director; Term: 1, 2

Study of a topic or creative work extending beyond the opportunities offered in scheduled courses.

BUS 496A Senior Research Seminar: Current Problems and Issues in Business 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 312, BUS 308; senior standing; Term: 1

Study of contemporary issues in business. Specific topics and scope determined each year. Oral and written presentations.

BUS 496B Senior Research Seminar: Diversity in Management 3 hours
Prerequisites: ENG 312, BUS 308; senior standing; Term: 2

Examination of current research on the changing status of multicultural management in business, and develop­ment of management competencies critical to success in twenty-first century organizations. Oral and written presentations.

CHM 130 Chemical Science 4 hours
Prerequisites: MTH 099; ENG 107; LS 105; Term: Fall; Fee: yes. General Education option

A descriptive and mathematical look at chemistry for the non-scientist. Conceptual development and problem solving are emphasized. Introduction to concepts of chemistry, language and theories for general and organic chemistry. Study of atomic theory, acid-base theories, mole concept and biological molecules. Lab included.

CHM 140 General Chemistry 1: Atoms and molecules 4 hours
Co-rerequisites: MTH 105; Term: Fall; Fee: yes

Introduction to the basic principles of chemistry in a context of chemical analysis. Includes the nature of matter, periodic table, elements, ionic and covalent compounds, stoichiometry, atomic and molecular structure, ideal gases, and acid-base chemistry. Lab required.

CHM 230 Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry 4 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 130; Term: Winter; Fee: yes

Brief survey of organic and biological chemistry, emphasizing applications to human physiology. CHM 230 may not be used for major or minor credit in chemistry, biology, or forensic science.

CHM 241   General Chemistry 2: Equilibrium 4 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 140; Term: Winter; Fee: yes

Chemical thermodynamics; kinetics; equilibria; electrochemistry, redox reactions; nuclear chemistry; selected properties of the elements. Lab required.

CHM 312 Junior Seminar 2 hours
Corequisites: Junior standing in the major, ENG 312; Term Winter; Fee: yes; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 312.

Junior Seminar has been designed to help science majors improve their writing AS SCIENTISTS. Competence in writing in science requires critical evaluation of one’s work. In order to encourage the development of critical thinking, students critique published work as well as write essays, reviews, and research reports. The heart of the course lies in the weekly interaction between the instructor and students through discussion both in class sections and one-on-one. A weekly lecture provides structure and continuity and allows consideration of other topics such as interviewing and resume writing, poster presentations, ethics in science, and the nature of science and creativity. This is the program’s writing intensive course.

CHM 325 Organic Chemistry I: Structure and Nomenclature 4 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 241; Term: Fall; Fee: yes

This course begins the systematic study of the chemistry of carbon compounds—nomenclature, stereochemistry, mechanisms, predictions and trends, and introduction to synthesis. Laboratory included.

CHM 326 Organic Chemistry II: Reactions and Mechanisms 4 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 325; Term: Winter; Fee: yes

Topics include functional group transformations, multistep synthesis, mechanisms, nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic substitution, and carbonyl chemistry. Laboratory included.

CHM 341Physical Chemistry 4 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 241; MTH 252; Term: Fall; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years

Presentation of physical chemistry topics: thermodynamics, solution equilibria, chemical kinetics, transport processes, and structure with biological applications.

CHM 350 Environmental Chemistry 3 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 241, 325; Term: Fall. Offered alternate years

Introduces students to environmental chemistry, the branch of chemistry dealing with the origins, transport, reactions, effects and fates of chemical species in the water, air, soil and living environments.

CHM 360 Biochemistry 4 hours
Prerequisites: BIO 150; Co-requisite: CHM 325, Term: Fall; Fee: yes. Offered alternate years; Cross-listed with BIO 360.

Biochemistry 360 is an advanced-level course for students majoring in chemistry, biology or dietetics. This course provides an overview of fundamental concepts in biochemistry which focuses upon the major macromolecules and chemical properties of living systems. Topics include the structure, function and metabolism of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids; the physical properties of water, pH, and buffers; enzyme kinetics and regulation. The principles of bioenergetics and the integration of metabolic control will be developed. Laboratory Included.

CHM 388 Cooperative Field Experience 1-4 hours
Prerequisites: Departmental approval

Supervised work experience in chemistry, planned in consultation with advisor, co-op supervisor, and employer. Recording, reporting and evaluation will be required.

CHM 390 Laboratory Analysis 3 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 241; Term Winter. Offered alternate years

Theory and practical application of instruments as applied to physiochemical and analytical methods. Laboratory included.

CHM 401 Inorganic Chemistry 3 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 241, 325; Term: Winter. Offered alternate years

Study of the chemistry of the metals and non-metals emphasizing periodic behavior, atomic and molecular structure, ionic and covalent bonding, coordination compounds, oxidation and reduction reactions, acid-base chemistry, organometallic compounds, transition metal complexes and reaction kinetics.

CHM 410  Special Topics in Chemistry 3 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 241, 326; Term: TBA. Offered alternate years.

Advanced study of modern synthetic reactions, including mechanisms and theoretical perspectives. Includes use of modern spectroscopic methods.

CHM 491 Independent Study 1-4 hours

Prerequisites: Permission of instructor; chemistry major or minor; junior status; Term: TBA

Opportunity to earn credit for the independent study of a course not listed in the catalog as a specific offering. By arrangement.

CHM 496A Senior Seminar: Library Research 2 hours

Prerequisites: CHM 312; Senior standing in CHM major; completion of general education and writing requirements; Term: Fall, Winter; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496A.

This course is designed for senior science majors to have the opportunity to write and orally present a research proposal. This will include conducting a literature review and designing an original research project. Students carry out their research project in BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496B. Use of computer for informational searches, data analysis, and word processing; oral presentations and final research paper required.

CHM 496B Senior Seminar: Laboratory Research 2 hours
Prerequisites: CHM 496A; Senior standing in CHM major; completion of general education and writing requirements; Term: Fall, Winter; Fee: yes; Cross-listed with BIO/CHM/ENV/FSC/HSC/ISC 496B.

This course is designed for senior science majors to conduct research with the direction of a faculty member. The student will carry out a research project of their own design. Specifically students will conduct experiments, write up the results of those experiments, write up the conclusions based on those results and present the results and conclusions of the project both in written and oral formats.

CD 201 Introduction of Early Childhood Education 3 hours
Prerequisite: Concurrent Enrollment in CD 240;

An introduction and overview of the field of early childhood education with an emphasis on historical influences, developmental theory, parenting perspectives, and the educational needs of young children from birth to age eight, including children with special needs.

CD 213 nfant/Toddler: Care/Education 3 hours
Prerequisite: CD 201; 240 or equivalent experience

Review the growth and development of infants to three years old. Study current research , resources, and methods of care and education for children in this age group. Guided observation in infant/toddler program required.

CD/ECE 223 Young Child Guidance and Parent Advocacy 3 hours
Prerequisites: CD 201, 240, or equivalent experience

Psychological study and analysis of preschool children; special study of personality factors in children is explained, with laboratory experience in a child care center. Emphasis is on guidance strategies for preschool children, with axploration of a wide variety of issues in relation to parenting. Topics include the development of parent-child bond, parenthood and personal growth, child-rearing practices, child-family dynamics, and special needs children and parenting. Field experience required.

CD 240 Developmental Psychology 3 hours
Prerequisite: PSY 205

An overview of human development and factors that influence development. Course covers physical‚ intellectual‚ social and emotional development from infancy through adolescence.

BIO141 Nutrition through the Life Cycle 3 hours
Prerequisites: MTH 099; BIO 139 strongly recommended

Factors affecting the health and nutrition needs of the young child; application of basic principles of nutrition, food handling and meal planning to the feeding of children in day care and home situations.

CD 299 Pre-Professional Practicum 2-6 hours
Prerequisites: CD 201, 213, 223, 240, 326, 333, EDU 205 or permission of instructor

Practicum experience in a child care center with direct involvement in all aspects of administering the center.Culminating project for students in the A.A. Child Development Program. Seminar required.

CD/ECE 333 Math/Science Methods For Early Childhood 3 hours
Prerequisites: EDU 205,CD 201, 213, 223, 240, 350

Emphasis is on curriculum and methods for preschool including those of the exceptional learner. Developmentally appropriate lesson planning, anti-biased teaching strategies and daily scheduling are emphasized. Field experience required.

CD/ECE 326 Administration of Developmental Centers 3 hours
Prerequisites: CD 201, 213, 240, 350, 333, 375, BIO 141

Course covers establishment and operation of a child care center, and concentrates on State of Michigan licensing rules. Required field experience.

CD/ECE 350 Play Theory and Aesthetics 3 hours
Prerequisites: CD 201, 213, 240

Explore and understand theories of play, assessment, and intervention. An analysis and examination of creativity among young children will be investigated. The aesthetics domain (art, music, and drama) will be explored and methods for presentation to young children (including special needs) will be introduced.

CD/ECE 375 Literacy Methods for Early Childhood Education 3 hours
Prerequisites: EDU 205,CD 201, 213, 223 240, 350

Emphasis placed on research which examines the language and literacy skills of young children.Methodology for developing listening, oral language, writing, and reading skills for young children and young children with special needs will be demonstrated and practiced. Field experience required.

CD/ECE 399 Child Development Practicum 5-10 hours
Prerequisites: EDU 205; CD 201, 213, 223, 240, 326, 333, 350, 375; SED 250 or permission of instructor

Supervised experience in a childcare center with direct involvement in all aspects of teaching and administering the center. This is the culminating project for students in the B.A. child development program. Seminar required.

CD 433 Young Child Assessment 3 hours
Prerequisites: CD 201, 213, 233, 240, 333, 350; EDU 205; SED 250

Study of methods and procedures used to assess the development and progress of young children. Strategies from behavior observation to standardized testing will be analyzed to support developmentally appropriate practice.

CD/ECE 456 Language Development and Disorders 3 hours
Prerequisite: CD 201, 213, 223, 240, , 333, 350, 375; SED 250

Relates relationship of language development and psycholinguistics to the child’s motor, emotional and cognitive development. Special reference to the educational process and difficulties of learning disabled children. Focus on teaching strategies and multimedia approaches. Guided observation required.

CD/ECE 496 Senior Seminar 3 hours
Prerequisites: Senior status, child development; early childhood education minor, permission of the instructor; ENG 312

Research, analysis and synthesis of data examining a selected problem in child development with a seminar presentation.

CD/ECE 499 Student Teaching: Preschool 6 hours
Prerequisites: Admission to student teaching; All methods courses and passing of all applicable State exams

Observation and guided professional laboratory experience in public or private school classrooms at the preschool level. Seminar required.

EDU 205 Children’s Literature 3 hours
Prerequisites: CD 201, 240; ENG 108

Interpretive and critical study of literature for children and adolescents is provided. An historical and categorical survey of children’s books, stressing significance in classrooms and the home, is outlined.

SED 250 Education of the Exceptional Learner 3 hours
Prerequisites: None

This course provides an overview of the legislative rules and policies for children and youth with exceptional needs, including those with disabilities, the gifted and talented, and those with cultural and linguistic differences. Awareness of the characteristics of exceptional students and their relationship to teaching methodologies in the least restrictive environment is developed, along with concepts of inclusion. Observation field experience in special settings that service exceptional children is mandatory.